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Socket 编程学习笔记

本笔记学习 Zephyr 的 Socket API，用于 TCP/UDP 网络编程。

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示例路径

zephyr/samples/net/sockets/tcp/       - TCP 示例
zephyr/samples/net/sockets/echo/      - UDP 回显

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核心概念

Socket 类型

类型	协议	用途
SOCK_STREAM	TCP	可靠连接
SOCK_DGRAM	UDP	无连接传输

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核心 API

头文件

#include <zephyr/posix/sys/socket.h>
#include <zephyr/net/socket.h>

创建 Socket

int sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP);  // TCP
int sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, IPPROTO_UDP);   // UDP

绑定地址

struct sockaddr_in addr;
addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);
addr.sin_port = htons(4242);
bind(sock, (struct sockaddr *)&addr, sizeof(addr));

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UDP 服务器示例

void udp_server(void)
{
    int sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
    struct sockaddr_in addr;
    
    addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);
    addr.sin_port = htons(4242);
    bind(sock, (struct sockaddr *)&addr, sizeof(addr));
    
    while (1) {
        char buf[1024];
        struct sockaddr_in client;
        socklen_t len = sizeof(client);
        ssize_t n = recvfrom(sock, buf, sizeof(buf), 0,
                             (struct sockaddr *)&client, &len);
        sendto(sock, buf, n, 0, (struct sockaddr *)&client, len);
    }
}

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TCP 客户端示例

void tcp_client(void)
{
    int sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP);
    struct sockaddr_in server;
    
    server.sin_family = AF_INET;
    server.sin_port = htons(4242);
    inet_pton(AF_INET, "192.168.1.100", &server.sin_addr);
    
    connect(sock, (struct sockaddr *)&server, sizeof(server));
    
    send(sock, "Hello", 5, 0);
    close(sock);
}

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*小白 🤖 - 2026-03-16*